Asteropeia and Physena (Caryophyllales): A case study in comparative wood anatomy |
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| Authors: | Sherwin Carlquist |
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| Institution: | (1) Santa Barbara Botanic Garden, 1212 Mission Canyon Road, 93105 Santa Barbara, California, U.S.A. |
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| Abstract: | Previous analyses ofAsteropeia andPhysena have not compared the wood anatomy of these genera to those of Caryophyllales s.l. Molecular evidence shows that the two
genera from a clade that is a sister group of the core Caryophyllales. Synapomorphies of theAsteropeia-Physena clade include small circular alternate pits on vessels, presence of vasicentric tracheids plus fiber-tracheids, presence
of abaxial-confluent plus diffuse axial parenchyma, and presence of predominantly uniseriate rays. These features are analyzed
with respect to habit and ecology of the two genera. Solitary vessels, present in both genera, are related to the presence
of vasicentric tracheids. Autapomorphies in the two genera seem related to adaptations byPhysena as a shrub of moderately dry habitats (e.g., narrower vessel elements, abundant vasicentric tracheids, square to erect cells
in rays) as compared to alternate character expressions that seem related to the arboreal habit and humid forest ecology ofAsteropeia. The functional significance of vasicentric tracheids and fiber-tracheids in dicotyledons is briefly reviewed in the light
of wood anatomy of the two genera. |
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| Keywords: | Asteropeiaceae Caryophyllales ecological wood anatomy fibertracheids functional wood anatomy Physenaceae vasicentric tracheids |
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