Intergeneric hybridization between<Emphasis Type="Italic"> Erucastrum cardaminoides</Emphasis> and two diploid crop<Emphasis Type="Italic"> Brassica</Emphasis> species |
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Authors: | A?Chandra M?L?Gupta I?Ahuja G?Kaur Email author" target="_blank">S?S?BangaEmail author |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, 141004 Ludhiana, India;(2) Present address: Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16801, USA |
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Abstract: | Two intergeneric hybrids involving wild species Erucastrum cardaminoides (2n=18, Ecd Ecd) and two crop brassica species, Brassica rapa (2n=20, AA) and B. nigra (2n=16, BB), were synthesized through in vitro sequential ovary culture. Morphological, molecular and cytological studies were conducted to establish their hybridity. Both hybrids, though morphologically distinct, were intermediate phenotypically between their respective parents. Cytological analysis of the E. cardaminoides × B. rapa hybrid (2n=19), revealed the occurrence of 17 I+1 II at diakinesis/metaphase in the majority (28%) of the pollen mother cells (PMCs), whereas in E. cardaminoides × B. nigra hybrid (2n=17), 13 I+2 II was the predominant (32%) meiotic configuration. A maximum of 5 II was recorded in both hybrids, indicating homoeologous pairing in the respective combined genomes. Chromosome doubling by colchicine application gave rise to two new amphiploids (AA EcdEcd and BB EcdEcd) having normal chromosome pairing and pollen fertility. The occasional occurrence of one quadrivalent in the amphiploids confirmed partial homoeology between the Ec and A/B genomes. The E. cardaminoides ×B. nigra hybrid and amphiploid appeared to be tolerant to alternaria blight under field conditions.Communicated by H.F. Linskens |
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