产番茄红素基因工程菌的研究进展

番茄红素是一种重要的类胡萝卜素，具有许多生物功能和生物活性，尤其在保护人类健康方面起着重要的作用。随着番茄红素生物合成途径的阐明及其相关基因的克隆，运用基因工程手段调控番茄红素的合成已经成为可能。本文首先综述了番茄红素生物合成途径及合成途径中相关基因的克隆，然后对近年来构建的番茄红素基因工程菌进行了全面的总结，包括：运用DNA重组技术使异源微生物大肠杆菌、酵母等生产番茄红素，以及通过过表达特定基因从而提高霉菌等产番茄红素的量，最后分析了改造过程中存在的主要问题，并展望了未来的研究方向。

The Study on Gene Engineering strains Producing Lycopene

Lycopene, which is a kind of important active compound of caroteinoids, is greatly beneficial to human health with its diverse biological functions. With the elucidation of lycopene biosynthetic pathway and cloning genes of relative enzymes from microorganisms, it is possible to regulate lycopene biosynthesis via genetic engineering. This article first reviewed the biosynthesis pathways of lycopene and gene cloning of lycopene biosynthetic enzymes in microorganisms, and then summarized the gene engineering strains documented in previous works including: E.coli and yeast constructed by genetic recombination, mold strains enhanced the ability of producing lycopene by gene manipulation. At last, by comparing the present methods, the problems existed in the process of construction were pointed out.