Landscape and farm scale management to enhance biodiversity conservation in the cocoa producing region of southern Bahia, Brazil |
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Authors: | Camila R Cassano Götz Schroth Deborah Faria Jacques H C Delabie Lucio Bede |
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Institution: | 1. Instituto de Estudos Socioambientais do Sul da Bahia (IESB), Rua Major Homem Del Rey 147, Ilhéus, Bahia, 45652-180, Brazil 2. Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade de S?o Paulo (USP), Rua do Mat?o, Travessa 14, no 101, 05508-090, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil 3. Conservation International, 2011 Crystal Drive, Suite 500, Arlington, VA, 22202, USA 4. Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Rodovia Ilhéus-Itabuna km 16, Ilhéus, Bahia, 45650-000, Brazil 5. Laboratório de Mirmecologia, Convênio UESC/CEPLAC, Centro de Pesquisas do Cacau, C.P. 07, Itabuna, Bahia, 45600-000, Brazil 6. Conserva??o Internacional, Avenida Getúlio Vargas 1300, 70 andar, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30112-021, Brazil
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Abstract: | In southern Bahia, Brazil, large land areas are used for the production of cocoa (Theobroma cacao), which is predominantly grown under the shade of native trees in an agroforestry system locally known as cabruca. As a dominant forest-like landscape element of the cocoa region, the cabrucas play an important role in the conservation of the region’s biodiversity. The purpose of this review is to provide the scientific
basis for an action plan to reconcile cocoa production and biodiversity conservation in southern Bahia. The available research
collectively highlights the diversity of responses of different species and biological groups to both the habitat quality
of the cabrucas themselves and to the general characteristics of the landscape, such as the relative extent and spatial configuration of
different vegetation types within the landscape mosaic. We identify factors that influence directly or indirectly the occurrence
of native species in the cabrucas and the wider landscape of the cocoa region and develop recommendations for their conservation management. We show that the
current scientific knowledge already provides a good basis for a biodiversity friendly management of the cocoa region of southern
Bahia, although more work is needed to refine some management recommendations, especially on shade canopy composition and
density, and verify their economic viability. The implementation of our recommendations should be accompanied by appropriate
biological and socioeconomic monitoring and the findings should inform a broad program of adaptive management of the cabrucas and the wider cocoa landscape. |
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Keywords: | Atlantic forest Biodiversity Cabruca Cocoa agroforest Connectivity Fragmentation Landscape management Theobroma cacao |
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