The signal-anchor sequence of CYP2C1 inserts into the membrane as a hairpin structure |
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Authors: | Szczesna-Skorupa Elzbieta Kemper Byron |
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Affiliation: | Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61821, United States |
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Abstract: | Microsomal cytochrome P450s (CYPs) are anchored to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane by the N-terminal signal-anchor sequence which is predicted to insert into the membrane as a type 1 transmembrane helix with a luminally located N-terminus. We have mapped amino acids of the CYP2C1 signal-anchor, fused to Cys-free glutathione S-transferase, within the membrane by Cys-specific labeling with membrane-impermeant maleimide polyethylene glycol. At the C-terminal end of the signal-anchor, Trp-20 was mapped to the membrane–cytosol interface and Leu-19 was within the membrane. Unexpectedly, at the N-terminal end, Glu-2 and Pro-3 were mapped to the cytoplasmic side of the membrane rather than the luminal side as expected of a type 1 transmembrane helix. Similar results were observed for the N-terminal amino acids of the signal-anchor sequences of CYP3A4 and CYP2E1. These observations indicate that contrary to the current model of the signal-anchor of CYPs as a type 1 transmembrane helix, CYP2C1, CYP2E1, and CYP3A4 are monotopic membrane proteins with N-terminal signal-anchors that have a hairpin or wedge orientation in the membrane. |
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Keywords: | Abbreviations: CYP, cytochrome P450 ER, endoplasmic reticulum GST, glutathione S-transferase MAL-PEG, maleimide polyethylene glycol |
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