大陆漂移与白蚁的系统发育

白蚁Termite是属于古老而又原始的一类昆虫。从许多生活习性和形态特征证明,等翅目Isoptera——白蚁与蜚蠊目Blattariae昆虫的亲缘关系十分接近,特别与隐尾蠊科Cryptocercidae的某些类群有着更为密切的关系。它们同以木材纤维为食,并且都是借助于体内共生的细菌和原生动物消化木纤维。当地球上高大乔木出现之后,就已经为这类蛀木昆虫的生存提供必要的生活条件。石炭纪Carboniferous是蜚蠊目昆虫最为繁盛的地质时期(林启彬,1978),为此,白蚁在地质历史上有可能与蜚蠊同时期,或接近

EFFECT OF CONTINENTAL DRIFT ON PHYLOGENY OF TERMITES

The relation between continental drift and phylogeny of termites were discussed in this paper. The authors think, the time of originof the ancestor of Isoptera and the original termites propably originated later than the Blattariae or this two orders had originated in the same geologic period. It is considered that the groups of ancestor of Isoptera and the original termites had originated at the Pangaea. Both of them multiplied and cvolved at the broadly united continents before the time of Cretaceous, and the differentiation of the families of Isoptera had successionly completed in that geologic period, but not proportionally dipersed. Many evidences show that some groups had hardly existed in adverse environment at the northern land, but most of the members of the groups existed at the southern end of the world as well. Since then, the Pangaea splited apart and drifted for different directions.The ancestors of the families of the termites were carried by the separate continents to different regions of the world and the original termites evolved in each region, and then formed into the characteristic cntomofauna of Isoptera on there.