Dynamic cellular location of bacterial plasmids

Recent studies have shown that plasmids are organized inside bacterial cells in a remarkably complex way. Plasmids containing active partitioning systems are tethered to specific regions of the cell, and the number and position of plasmid molecules within the cell are coordinated with the bacterial host cell cycle and growth rate. Plasmids belonging to different incompatibility groups are also tethered to different sites within the cell, and segregate at different times relative to one another and to the bacterial cell cycle. Recent studies suggest that many of these observations regarding subcellular plasmid dynamics formulated for Escherichia coli plasmids may be broadly conserved.