Generic Delimitation and Phylogeny of the Subtribe Centaureinae (Asteraceae): A Combined Nuclear and Chloroplast DNA Analysis |
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| Institution: | 1. Envoi Specialist Pathologists, Brisbane, Qld, Australia;2. University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia;3. Anatomical Pathology, Pathology Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia;1. University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;2. Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;3. Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;4. Department of Biology, CIBIO – Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;5. Department of Biology and Environment – CITAB, Botanical Garden and Herbarium, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;6. Evolution, Taxonomy and Conservation Group (ECOMED), Department of Botany, University of Salamanca, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain;1. Geological Institute of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 14, Fersman Str., 184200 Apatity, Russia;2. A. P. Karpinsky Russian Geological Research Institute, 74, Sredny Prospect, 199106 St-Petersburg, Russia;1. Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant''Anna, Pisa 56124, Italy;2. Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Via del Borghetto 80, Pisa 56124, Italy;1. College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, PR China;2. Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, 210014, PR China;3. Hangzhou Botanical Garden, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310013, PR China;4. Key Laboratory of Marine New Materials and Related Technology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protection Technology, Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, PR China;5. Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia;6. Institute of Medical Engineering, Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China |
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| Abstract: | Taxonomic complexity has hindered the partitioning of the artificial genus Centaurea, even though it has long been recognized as a polyphyletic assemblage. On the basis of morphology, pollen type, karyology and DNA sequence analysis, previous workers have defined five informal groups in the genus (Acrocentron,Centaureasensu stricto , Cyanus, Jacea and Psephellus). However, the precise delimitation of these groups and their relationships remain largely unknown. Moreover, although some informal groups have been established among the rest of the subtribe (Amberboa, Carthamus and Stemmacantha), many genera cannot be classified in any group. Newer molecular approaches are essential for resolving these problems. Sequences of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA and the chloroplast gene mat K were analysed for a comprehensive sample of the whole subtribe, with the aim of clarifying the delimitation and the phylogeny of the groups of the Centaureinae. Results largely confirm the suggested informal entities as natural groups, with some interesting changes of placement of some genera, especially in the Acrocentron and the Stemmacantha groups. Our results confirm that the sections of Centaurea with Dealbata pollen type should be classified as a different genus, Psephellus. In addition to morphology and suggested pollen type evolution, the ITS and mat K phylogenies are also supported by karyological evidence. Our results confirm that the natural delimitation of Centaurea that minimizes nomenclatural changes is possible only if a new type of the genus is designated. |
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