不同栽培条件对一点红生长、产量及总黄酮含量的影响

本研究就栽培条件对一点红(Emilia sonchifolia)生长、产量及总黄酮含量的影响进行研究。结果表明,混合育苗基质(果园土:花卉通用栽培土:蚯蚓粪=6:3:1)可显著提高一点红幼苗的成活率和健壮度,并缩短成苗时间。栽培基质厚度、光照强度和株距等生态因子对一点红的生长和产量有不同程度的影响:一点红根的生长受光照强度和栽培基质厚度影响较大,光照充足、基质深厚根系茁壮而发达;茎的生长受光照强度影响最大,其次为株距;叶的生长差异不明显。一点红的产量与株距有密切关系,受其影响最大,而受光照强度影响较小,受基质厚度影响甚微,可见合理密植能有效提高产量。合理遮光可提高一点红总黄酮含量,但会延长现蕾时间。实验证明,一点红最优栽培条件为基质厚度7 cm,光照50%,株行距5 cm×25 cm。

Studies on Growth, Yield and Total Flavonoid Content of Emilia sonchifolia under Different Planting Conditions

The mixed substrate consisting of orchard soil,common substrate for flower and wormpost which were mixed by volume ratio of 6:3:1,could significantly improve the survival rate and the robust level of the seedlings of Emilia sonchifolia and shorten its time to seedlings.The growth and the yield of E. sonchifolia were affected by the thickness of substrate,light intensity and spacing in the rows in varying degree.The root growth of E. sonchifolia was mainly affected by light intensity and the thickness of substrate,while with adequate light and thick substrate,its root system was stronger.The stem growth of E. sonchifolia was mainly affected by light intensity and secondly by spacing in the rows.But the leaf growth was less affected by any one of the three ecological factors.The yield of E. sonchifolia was most affected by spacing in the rows and was less affected by light intensity and the thickness of substrate.It showed that the reasonable close planting could improve the yield.On the other hand,appropriate shading raised the total flavonoids content of E. sonchifolia,but extended the time for squaring.According to the studies,substrate thickness 7 cm,light intensity 50% and spacing in the rows 5 cm×25 cm gave the best results for cultivation of E. sonchifolia.