Form and function of damselfish skulls: rapid and repeated evolution into a limited number of trophic niches |
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Authors: | W James Cooper and Mark W Westneat |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Organismal Biology & Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA;(2) Department of Zoology, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL 60605, USA;(3) Department of Biology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA |
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Abstract: | Background Damselfishes (Perciformes, Pomacentridae) are a major component of coral reef communities, and the functional diversity of
their trophic anatomy is an important constituent of the ecological morphology of these systems. Using shape analyses, biomechanical
modelling, and phylogenetically based comparative methods, we examined the anatomy of damselfish feeding among all genera
and trophic groups. Coordinate based shape analyses of anatomical landmarks were used to describe patterns of morphological
diversity and determine positions of functional groups in a skull morphospace. These landmarks define the lever and linkage
structures of the damselfish feeding system, and biomechanical analyses of this data were performed using the software program
JawsModel4 in order to calculate the simple mechanical advantage (MA) employed by different skull elements during feeding,
and to compute kinematic transmission coefficients (KT) that describe the efficiency with which angular motion is transferred
through the complex linkages of damselfish skulls. |
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