台湾海峡鱼类绦虫的分子系统学研究

利用DNA测序技术对台湾海峡部分鱼类绦虫的16S rRNA和18S rRNA基因片段序列进行了分析。使用PAUP4·0b10软件构建的进化树显示,目前关于绦虫二叶目、锥吻目、假叶目、盘头目和四叶目的划分是比较合理的,绦虫进化基本遵循了头节形态从简单到复杂的进化规律。报道了国内首次发现的双叶目绦虫,进化树结果初步支持了巨槽属和棘头属的划分。此外,结果也支持了前孔属绦虫的分类地位。但是,对耳槽属绦虫与阶室属绦虫的形态学划分与分子系统学相矛盾,利用16S rRNA基因对盘头目各种的进化树分析与形态学差异很大,这些问题都需要更多研究来进行深入分析。

THE MOLECULAR SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF CESTODES OF MARINE FISHES IN TAlWAN STRAIT

Based on the sequences analysis of the 16S rRNA and 18S rRNA gene fragments of 19 cestode species in marine fish from Taiwan Strait, the phylogenetic tree was constructed. The results showed that the current taxonomic classification of the orders of Diphyllidea, Trypanorhyncha, Pseudophyllidea, Lecanicephalidea and Tetraphyllidea is appropriate and that the morphologic structure of the cestode scolex becomes more and more complicated in the evolution. Furthermore, we reported 3 new species of Diphyllidea in China for the first time. The phylogenetic trees supported the classification of the genus Echinobothrium and Macrobothridium, as well as the taxonomic status of the genus Anteropora. However, the result of molecular systematics analysis did not consist with the morphologic classification of Scalithrium and Biotobothrium, neither with the classification of species of Lecanicephalidea when the 16S rRNA was used as the molecular marker. More studies are needed to clarify these questions.