Production of chitin and chitosan from the exoskeleton of adult two‐spotted field crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus) |
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Authors: | Min‐Woo Kim Yong‐Su Song Yeon Soo Han Yong Hun Jo Myung Hyo Choi Young‐Kyu Park Seung Ho Kang Sun‐Am Kim Changyong Choi Woo‐Jin Jung |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally‐Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agricultural and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea;2. Division of Plant Biotechnology, Institute of Environmentally‐Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agricultural and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea;3. Korea Beneficial Insects Lab. Co. Ltd., Gokseong‐gun Jeollanam‐do, South Korea;4. Jeonnam Bioindustry Foundation Bio Control Research Center, Gokseong, South Korea;5. Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sunchon National University, Jeonnam, South Korea |
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Abstract: | Chitin and chitosan were extracted from all specimens of Type I and II two‐spotted field crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus) following chemical treatment with an acid and alkali. For chitin extraction, 2 N HCl and 1.25 N NaOH solutions were used to achieve demineralization and deproteinization, respectively. For chitosan extraction, 50 % NaOH (w/v) and 50 % NaOH (w/w) solutions were used to achieve deacetylation. Chitosan yielded from adult exoskeletons of G. bimaculatus in Test A of Type I was 1.76 and 8.40 % on a fresh weight (FW) and dry weight (DW) basis, respectively, after treatment with 50 % NaOH (w/v) at 95°C for 3 h. Furthermore, the chitosan yielded in Test D of Type II was 1.79 and 7.06 % on FW and DW basis, respectively, after treatment with 50 % NaOH (w/w) at 105°C for 3 h. The average yield of chitin and chitosan was 2.42 and 1.65 % on a FW basis, and 10.91 and 7.50 % on DW basis, respectively. The deacetylation (%) of chitosan extracted from adult exoskeletons in Tests A, B, C1, C2, D1, and D2 were 81.2 %, 14.5 %, 19.6 %, 90.7 %, 17.1 %, and 95.5 %, respectively. The viscosities of the chitosans extracted from adult exoskeletons in Tests A, C2, and D2 were 32.0, 21.6, and 62.4 cP (centi Poise), respectively. The molecular weight of chitosan from adult exoskeletons of G. bimaculatus was 308.3 kDa. Our results indicate that adult exoskeletons of G. bimaculatus could be used as a source of chitin and chitosan for use as functional additives in industrial animal feeds. |
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Keywords: | adult exoskeleton chitin chitosan Cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus) |
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