BK通道功能性复合体的研究进展

离子通道可以与其他蛋白质耦合形成稳定的大分子复合物，以确保信号转导的效率和准确性。大电导、钙离子激活的钾离子通道（BK通道）的核心是由形成孔区的d亚基组成的四聚体，它具有BK通道的基本生理功能。在不同的组织内，BKα可以与不同的辅助性亚基结合，使通道功能变得复杂多样。BK通道可以将细胞兴奋性与细胞内的钙离子信号联接在一起，在血流、泌尿、免疫、神经递质释放等许多生命过程中发挥着重要的调节作用。近年来，大量的研究工作表明。BK通道可以与钙离子通道、细胞骨架蛋白、蛋白激酶等生物大分子形成功能性复合物，这对通道功能调控和信号转导等生命活动具有重要的生理意义。本文综述了这些BK通道功能复合体的主要分类、功能特性以及生理学意义，并对其未来的研究前景进行展望。

Functional Complexes of BK Channels

Numerous researches have revealed that ion channels can assemble with partner proteins into stable macromolecular complexes and guarantee specificity and proper rate of signal transduction. Large-conductance Ca^＋-activated K^ channel （BK channel） is a tetramer of the pore-forming α-subunit （BKα）and expands its functional diversity by associating with modulatory β- and γ-subunits in different tissues. BK channel can link excitability and intracellular calcium signaling and fimction as a key regulator of vital body functions, like blood flow, urinary, immunity and neurotransmission. Recent years, There is emerging evidence from functional analysis that BK channel can associate with partner proteins, such as calcium channels, cytoskeletal proteins, protein kinases. The functional coupling may play an important role in modulating clhannel function and downstream signaling pathways. In this review, we summaries the classification, functional properties and physiological significance of these protein complex and provide an outlook for the future research.