In vitro rescue of isolated embryos of Bactris major jacq. and Desmoncus orthacanthos mart., potentially useful native palms from the Yucatan Peninsula (Mexico) |
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Authors: | M A Tzec-Simá R Orellana M L Robert |
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Institution: | (1) Unit of Biotechnology, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán AC, Calle 43 #130. Col. Chuburná de Hidalgo, CP 97200, Mérida, Yucatán, México;(2) Unit of Natural Resources, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán AC, Calle 43 #130. Col. Chuburná de Hidalgo, CP 97200, Mérida, Yucatán, México |
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Abstract: | Summary
Bactris major and Desmoncus orthacanthos are native palms from the Yucatan Peninsula which could be used as substitutes for rattan. When their seeds were germinated
in vivo and in vitro they proved to be highly recalcitrant. Therefore, the culture of isolated embryos was studied as an alternative means of
producing planting material for nurseries. It was found that the in vitro germination of the isolated embryos was gradually reduced by storage, falling to zero by 5 wk. However, isolated embryos
from freshly collected seeds germinated at ∼100% frequency. The presence of the endosperm, whether still attached to the embryos
or separated from them but in direct contact with the nutrient medium, greatly reduced germination in both species. High concentrations
of abscisic acid (ABA, 100 μM) only slightly diminished it, suggesting a different cause for the observed endosperm-induced inhibition. This embryo rescue
method permits the production of sufficient plants for in vitro micropropagation and the establishment of experimental plots to evaluate the full potential of these materials. |
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Keywords: | embryo culture endosperm-induced inhibition rattan recalcitrant seeds |
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