厌氧氨氧化反应器启动过程的影响因素及微生物群落变化研究进展

自厌氧氨氧化反应发现以来,由于其具有低能耗、无需外加碳源等优点,已成为人们在污水生物脱氮研究与应用中的最新关注点。然而,由于极低的生长速率、极长的倍增时间以及严格的代谢条件等特点,限制了厌氧氨氧化菌的应用。综述了厌氧氨氧化菌富集培养过程中的影响因素,介绍了不同污泥来源的厌氧氨氧化优势菌属、分子鉴定方法,提供了部分用于厌氧氨氧化菌鉴定使用的引物序列和厌氧氨氧化菌最新发现的属与种。最后,对未来的研究方向提出一些建议思考,以期为厌氧氨氧化工艺在污水处理中的应用提供参考。

Advances in Influencing Factors and Microbial Community Changes in Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation Reactor Startup Process

Since the discovery of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) reaction, it has become the latest concern in the research and application of sewage biological nitrogen removal due to its low energy consumption and no additional need for carbon source, and other advantages. However, the extremely low growth rate, long doubling time and strict metabolic conditions has limited the application of anammox bacteria. This paper reviewed the influencing factors during the enrichment and cultivation of anammox bacteria, and introduced the anammox dominant bacteria and molecular identification methods of different sludge sources. And provided primer sequence for the use in identification of anammox bacteria and genus and species of anammox bacteria have been found lately. Finally, some suggestions for future research directions were proposed so as to provide a theoretical basis for the application of anammox technology in wastewater treatment.