线粒体在神经元程序性死亡中的作用新进展

神经元的死亡是许多神经系统疾病如阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、急性青光眼等发生发展过程中的重要事件,传统认为,细胞死亡有凋亡、自噬、坏死三种方式,凋亡和自噬为程序性的细胞死亡,坏死为非程序性的死亡途径。而近年来的研究发现了一种名为程序性坏死(necroptosis)的可调控的坏死,因此,对这些可调控的细胞死亡的研究对治疗这类神经系统疾病有重要的意义。大量研究发现,在能量代谢和自由基代谢中占据着重要地位的线粒体在细胞死亡过程中也发挥重要作用。本文对线粒体在神经元凋亡、自噬和程序性坏死中的生物学作用的最新进展做一综述。

Research Progress of the Effects of Mitochondria in Neuronal ProgrammedCell Death

Neuronal death is an important process of many nervous system diseases such as Alzheimer''s disease, Parkinson''sdisease and acute glaucoma. Cell death has been categorized into three main types, apoptosis, autophagy and necrosis traditionally.Apoptosis and autophagy have been recognized as programmed cell death while necrosis is regarded as an unregulated pathway.Recently, some studies reveal a regulated necrosis named necroptosis, therefore, researches about the regulated cell death are significantto remedy these diseases. Studies reveal that mitochondria which occupies an important position in energy metabolism and also freeradical metabolismplays an important role in cell death. In this review, the latest advancement of the biological effects of mitochondria inapoptosis, autophagy and necroptosis were summarized.