Systemic and regional neuroimmune processes in focal CNS lesions

The data on the immune and autoimmune disturbances in certain brain diseases such as brain tumors, remote consequences of craniocerebral injury, epilepsy, and postradiation encephalopathy are presented. Various changes in cellular and humoral immunity are established. The development of autoimmune reactions to brain antigens is analyzed in comparison with the level of immune complexes. The results are discussed in the context of disruption of the immune system neurohumoral regulation and development of neurogenic immunity deficiency and its different types. The specific function of the immunocompetent cells, which penetrated beyond the blood-brain barrier under physiological and immunopathological conditions of the CNS, and the apoptotic death of the lymphocytes were suggested. Attention was drawn to the importance of the investigation of systemic, as well as regional, immune processes outside the blood-brain barrier.