Varietal differences in root growth as related to nitrogen uptake by sorghum plants in low-nitrogen environment |
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Authors: | Takuji Nakamura Joseph J. Adu-Gyamfi Akiko Yamamoto Satoru Ishikawa Hiroshi Nakano Osamu Ito |
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Affiliation: | (1) Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), 1-1 Ohwashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8686, Japan;(2) International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Sabo Bakin Zuwo Road, PMB 3491 Kano, Nigeria;(3) Experimental Farm of Tohoku University, Tohoku University, Naruko, Tamatsukurigun, Miyagi, 989-6711, Japan;(4) Hokkaido National Agricultural Experimental Station (HNAES), Shinsei, Memuro, Kasaigun, Hokkaido, 052-0071, Japan |
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Abstract: | Hybrid (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench cv CSH 9) and local variety (S. bicolor cv. FSRP) of sorghum were grown in an Alfisol field and in pots of Alfisol in semi-arid tropical India, and the productivity of sorghum in low N condition was studied in relation to N absorption by plant. The grain yield of the hybrid (CSH 9) was higher than that of the local variety (FSRP) irrespective of the rate of N application. The reduction in hybrid grain yield was less than that for the local variety when N was not applied. After booting stage hybrid absorbed more N than the local variety. To estimate the role of roots in N absorption, the characteristics of N absorption were parameterized. Relative growth rate was highly correlated with relative N absorption rate in plant. N absorption was regulated by root activity (specific N absorption rate per unit root mass and length). Specific N absorption rate in roots at physiological maturity was higher in the hybrid than in local variety in low N conditions. Therefore, the smaller reduction of hybrid yield in low-N conditions was ascribed to high-N absorption rate in its roots, and the high ability of roots to absorb N after booting stage. |
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Keywords: | hybrid local N absorption rate semi-arid tropics (SAT) sorghum specific N absorption rate in roots |
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