普通小麦与祖山羊草杂种后代的细胞遗传学初步研究

粗山羊草(Aegilops tauschii(Coss.)Schmal.,DD,2n=14)是普通小麦(Triticumaestivum L.,AABBDD,2n=42)D染色体组的供体。粗山羊草中含有丰富的抗病,抗虫,抗逆,优质等优异基因,因此粗山羊草是改良普通小麦的宝贵遗传资源。但有关普通小麦与粗山羊草杂交的研究报道较少。本文试图通过对普通小麦与粗山羊草杂种后代的细胞遗传学和染色体分离规律的研究,探讨转移粗山羊草优异基因的方法和途径。

PRELIMINARY STUDIES ON THE CYTOGENETICS OF PROGENIES BETWEEN TRITICUM AESTIVUM L. AND AEGILOPS TAUSCHII(COSS.)SCHMAL.

Aegilops tauschii(Coss. )Schmal. (DD,2n = 14)is the donor of the D genome of Triticum aestivum L. (AABBDD,2n = 42). Hybrids between T. aestivum and Ae. tauscllii had 2n = 28(ABDD). BC, plants had a great range of chromosome number,from 39 to 49,and the ratio of plants with 2n = 42 was 25. 00%. Chromosome configurations of PMC MI of plants in BC,were very chaotic,higher frequencies of multivalents, especially triva-lents, occurred besides univalents and bivalents.The range of chromosome numbers of plants decreased, and the ratio of the plants with 2n = 42 increased,via selfing or backcrossing BC1 plants. Chromosome configurations of most of plants in BC1F2 or BC2 were normal or basically normal,except that the trivalents were observed in specific plants. Chromosome configurations of plants in progenies of T. aestivum/Ae. tauschii tended to become stable quickly through the direct pass-way.