Implicit power motivation moderates men's testosterone responses to imagined and real dominance success |
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Authors: | Schultheiss O C Campbell K L McClelland D C |
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Institution: | Department of Psychology, Harvard University, William James Hall 1518, 33 Kirkland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138, USA. oschultheiss@yahoo.com |
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Abstract: | This study tested the hypothesis that implicit power motivation moderates individuals' testosterone responses to the anticipated success in and actual outcome of a dominance contest. Salivary testosterone levels were assessed in 42 male students at the beginning of the study, after they had imagined a success in an ensuing power contest, and immediately after the contest had taken place. Contest outcome (winning or losing against a competitor on a speed-based task) was varied experimentally. Participants' power motive was assessed with a picture-story exercise, in which an assertive, personalized (p Power) component was distinguished from an altruistic, socialized (s Power) component. In contrast to all other participants, individuals high only in p Power (a) had elevated testosterone after imagining a success in a subsequent dominance contest and (b) continued to have high testosterone levels after actually winning, but not after losing, the contest. |
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Keywords: | testosterone implicit power motivation dominance contest goal imagery |
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