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Sterol and sesquiterpenoid biosynthesis during a growth cycle of tobacco cell suspension cultures
Authors:Joseph Chappell  Carol Von Lanken  Urs Vögeli  Prashant Bhatt
Institution:(1) Plant Physiology/Biochemistry Program, Agronomy Department, University of Kentucky, 40546-0091 Lexington, KY, USA;(2) Present address: Enichem Americas, 2000 Princeton Park Corporate Center, 0885 Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA;(3) Present address: Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, The M.S. University of Baroda, 3900 Baroda, India
Abstract:The accumulation and biosynthesis of sterols and fungal elicitor-inducible sesquiterpenoids by tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) cell suspension cultures were examined as a function of a 10 day culture cycle. Sterols accumulated concomitantly with fresh weight gain. The rate of sterol biosynthesis, measured as the incorporation rate of 14C]acetate and 3H]mevalonate, was maximal when the cultures entered into their rapid phase of growth. Changes in squalene synthetase enzyme activity correlated more closely with thein vivo synthesis rate and accumulation of sterols than 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase (HMGR) enzyme activity. Cell cultures entering into the rapid phase of growth also responded maximally to fungal elicitor as measured by the production of capsidiol, an extracellular sesquiterpenoid. However, the rate of sesquiterpenoid biosynthesis, measured as the incorporation rate of 14C]acetate and 3H]mevalonate, could not be correlated with elicitor-inducible HMGR or sesquiterpene cyclase enzyme activities, nor elicitor-suppressible squalene synthetase enzyme activity.Abbreviations FPP farnesyl diphosphate - HMGR 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase
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