High-frequency shoot regeneration from leaf explants through organogenesis in bitter melon (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Momordica charantia</Emphasis> L.) |
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Authors: | Muthu Thiruvengadam K T Rekha Chang-Hsien Yang Narayanasamypillai Jayabalan Ill-Min Chung |
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Institution: | (1) Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, 250 Kuo-Kuang Road, Taichung, 402, Taiwan, ROC;(2) Department of Plant Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India;(3) Present address: PG and Research Department of Biotechnology, Marudupandiyar College, Thanjavur, 613 403, Tamil Nadu, India;(4) Department of Applied Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, South Korea |
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Abstract: | An efficient protocol for in vitro organogenesis was achieved from callus-derived immature and mature leaf explants of Momordica charantia, a very important vegetable and medicinal plant. Calluses were induced from immature leaf explants excised from in vitro
(15-day-old seedlings) mature leaf explants of vivo plants (45 days old). The explants were grown on Murashige and Skoog (MS)
medium with Gamborg (B5) vitamins containing 30 g l−1 sucrose, 2.2 g l−1 Gelrite, and 7.7 μM naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) with 2.2 μM thidiazuron (TDZ). Regeneration of adventitious shoots from
callus (30–40 shoots per explant) was achieved on MS medium containing 5.5 μM TDZ, 2.2 μM NAA, and 3.3 μM silver nitrate (AgNO3). The shoots (1.0 cm length) were excised from callus and elongated in MS medium fortified with 3.5 μM gibberellic acid (GA3). The elongated shoots were rooted in MS medium supplemented with 4.0 μM indole 3-butyric acid (IBA). Rooted plants were
acclimatized in the greenhouse and subsequently established in soil with a survival rate of 90%. This protocol yielded an
average of 40 plants per leaf explant with a culture period of 98 days. |
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