Two-year-old children copy more reliably and more often than nonhuman great apes in multiple observational learning tasks |
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Authors: | Claudio Tennie Kathrin Greve Heinz Gretscher Josep Call |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Developmental and Comparative Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany |
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Abstract: | Individuals observing a proficient model can potentially benefit by copying at least one of the following three elements:
motor movements (i.e., actions), goals, and results. Although several studies have investigated this issue in human infants,
there are still very few studies that have systematically examined great apes’ ability to spontaneously copy each of these
three elements (particularly in comparison with human infants). We tested great apes and human children with eight two-target
puzzle boxes—with varying levels of difficulty—to isolate the aspects that the various species may be more prone to copying.
We found first trial evidence for observational learning of actions, goals, and results in children. Some copying was found
for apes as well, but only if their performance was averaged across trials. |
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Keywords: | |
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