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New horizons in culture and valorization of red microalgae |
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| Authors: | Clement Gaignard Nesrine Gargouch Pascal Dubessay Cedric Delattre Guillaume Pierre Celine Laroche Imen Fendri Slim Abdelkafi Philippe Michaud |
| Affiliation: | 1. CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;2. Laboratoire de Biotechnologies Végétales appliquées à l''amélioration des cultures, Life Sciences Department, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia;3. Unité de Biotechnologie des Algues, Biological Engineering Department, National School of Engineers of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia |
| Abstract: | Research on marine microalgae has been abundantly published and patented these last years leading to the production and/or the characterization of some biomolecules such as pigments, proteins, enzymes, biofuels, polyunsaturated fatty acids, enzymes and hydrocolloids. This literature focusing on metabolic pathways, structural characterization of biomolecules, taxonomy, optimization of culture conditions, biorefinery and downstream process is often optimistic considering the valorization of these biocompounds. However, the accumulation of knowledge associated with the development of processes and technologies for biomass production and its treatment has sometimes led to success in the commercial arena. In the history of the microalgae market, red marine microalgae are well positioned particularly for applications in the field of high value pigment and hydrocolloid productions. This review aims to establish the state of the art of the diversity of red marine microalgae, the advances in characterization of their metabolites and the developments of bioprocesses to produce this biomass. |
| Keywords: | AA Arachidonic acid ACP Acyl-transporter-protein APC Allophycocyanin ATP Adenosine triphosphate B-PE B-Phycoerythrin BPS Bound polysaccharide CA Carbonic anhydrase CCM 2 Ci Inorganic carbon C-PC C-Phycocyanin C-PE C-Phycoerythrin DHA Docohexaenoic acid DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid DW Dry weight EMP Embden-Meyerhof pathway EPA Eicosapentaenoic acid FACS Fluorescence-activated cell sorting FRET Fluorescence resonance energy transfert Gc Compensation irradiance GLA γ-linolenic acid GOGAT Glutamate synthase GS Glutamine synthetase Gs Saturation point IPS Intracellular polysaccharide Ma Million years ago MW Molecular weight MWCO Molecular weight cut off NADH Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NADPH Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate Ni Nitrite reductase NR Nitrate reductase PAR Photosynthetic active radiation PBR Photobioreactor PC Phycocyanin PE Phycoerythrin PEC Phycoerythrocyanin PES Polyethersulfone PEG poly(ethylene glycol) PFD Photon flux density PPP Pentose phosphate pathway PS Polysaccharide PUFA Polyunsaturated fatty acid PVC Polyvinyl chloride q0 incident light flux RNA Ribonucleic acid R-PC R-Phycocyanin R-PE R-Phycoerythrin RPS Released polysaccharide RuBisCo Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase sPS Sulphated polysaccharide TAG Triacylglyceride TCA Tricarboxilic acid TUF Tangential ultrafiltration VLDL Very low density lipoprotein Red microalgae Polysaccharides Pigments a |
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