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PHAX and CRM1 are required sequentially to transport U3 snoRNA to nucleoli
Authors:Boulon Séverine  Verheggen Céline  Jady Beata E  Girard Cyrille  Pescia Christina  Paul Conception  Ospina Jason K  Kiss Tamas  Matera A Gregory  Bordonné Rémy  Bertrand Edouard
Institution:IGMM, CNRS UMR 5535, IFR 122, 34293 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
Abstract:To better understand intranuclear-targeting mechanisms, we have studied the transport of U3 snoRNA in human cells. Surprisingly, we found that PHAX, the snRNA export adaptor, is highly enriched in complexes containing m7G-capped U3 precursors. In contrast, the export receptor CRM1 is predominantly bound to TMG-capped U3 species. In agreement, PHAX does not export m7G-capped U3 precursors because their caps become hypermethylated in the nucleus. Inactivation of PHAX and CRM1 shows that U3 first requires PHAX to reach Cajal bodies, and then CRM1 to be routed from there to nucleoli. Furthermore, PHAX also binds the precursors of U8 and U13 box C/D snoRNAs and telomerase RNA. PHAX was previously shown to discriminate between small versus large RNAs during export. Our data indicate that the role of PHAX in determining the identity of small RNAs extends to nonexported species, and this appears critical to promote their transport within the nucleus.
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