Efficient somatic embryogenesis in sugar beet (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Beta vulgaris</Emphasis> L.) breeding lines |
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Authors: | Chun-Lai Zhang Dong-Fang Chen Marie Kubalakova Jian Zhang Nigel W Scott Malcolm C Elliott Adrian Slater |
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Institution: | (1) The Norman Borlaug Institute for Plant Science Research/Systems Biology Research Laboratory, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK;(2) National Centre for Sugar Crops Improvement/Institute for Sugar Beet Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China;(3) Firmenich SA, Route des Jeunes 1, P.O. Box 239, CH1211 Geneva 8, Switzerland;(4) Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Science, Olomouc, Czech Republic |
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Abstract: | Efficient regeneration via somatic embryogenesis (SE) would be a valuable system for the micropropagation and genetic transformation
of sugar beet. This study evaluated the effects of basic culture media (MS and PGo), plant growth regulators, sugars and the
starting plant material on somatic embryogenesis in nine sugar beet breeding lines. Somatic embryos were induced from seedlings
of several genotypes via an intervening callus phase on PGo medium containing N6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). Calli were mainly induced from cotyledons. Maltose was more effective for the induction of somatic
embryogenesis than was sucrose. There were significant differences between genotypes. HB 526 and SDM 3, which produced embryogenic
calli at frequencies of 25–50%, performed better than SDM 2, 8, 9 and 11. The embryogenic calli and embryos produced by this
method were multiplied by repeated subculture. Histological analysis of embryogenic callus cultures indicated that somatic
embryos were derived from single- or a small number of cells. 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) was ineffective for the
induction of somatic embryogenesis from seedlings but induced direct somatic embryogenesis from immature zygotic embryos (IEs).
Somatic embryos were mainly initiated from hypocotyls derived from the cultured IEs in line HB 526. Rapid and efficient regeneration
of plants via somatic embryogenesis may provide a system for studying the molecular mechanism of SE and a route for the genetic
transformation of sugar beet. |
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Keywords: | Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L ) Somatic embryogenesis N6-benzylaminopurine 2 4-D Maltose Culture medium Zygotic embryo culture |
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