Novel avenues for passion fruit in vitro regeneration from endosperm culture,and morpho-agronomic and physiological traits of triploid Passiflora cincinnata Mast. emblings |
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Authors: | Machado Marcelo Dias Souza Claudinei Silva Machado Mariana Reis Aryane Campos de Sousa Saulo Marçal Matos Elyabe Monteiro Viccini Lyderson Facio Otoni Wagner Campos de Carvalho Ilio Fealho Rocha Diego Ismael da Silva Maurecilne Lemes |
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Affiliation: | 1.Programa de Pós-Gradua??o em Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Tangará da Serra, MT, 78300-000, Brazil ;2.Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Vi?osa, Vi?osa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil ;3.Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, 36036-900, Brazil ;4.Departamento de Biologia, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Tangará da Serra, MT, 78300-000, Brazil ;5.Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Vi?osa, Vi?osa-MG, 36570-900, Brazil ; |
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Abstract: | The present study describes a new regeneration system based on somatic embryogenesis from mature endosperm Passiflora cincinnata Mast. cultures. Moreover, the morpho-agronomic and phenological traits, as well as enzymatic activity of regenerated triploid emblings are compared to those of diploids. Mature endosperms were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with various concentrations (4.5–45.2 µM) of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 4.5 μM 6-benzylaminopurine (BA). No plant growth regulators were included in the control group. Embryogenic calli were observed only in treatments supplemented with 13.6 and 18.1 µM 2,4-D?+?4.5 µM BA, with the highest number of somatic embryos per explant and regenerated plants (emblings) obtained with 18.1 µM 2,4-D. Most emblings (70%) were triploid (2n?=?3x?=?27), with a DNA amount (4.38 pg) similar to that of endosperm and 1.5 times greater than in diploid P. cincinnata seedlings (2n?=?2x?=?18), that contained 2.98 pg of DNA. While the number of organs and/or structures was akin to that in diploids, triploid emblings generally exhibited larger and longer vegetative and floral structures. The flower lifespan was also slightly altered by triploidy, nectar concentration was 27% higher, and the activity of plant defense enzymes β-1,3-glucanase and polyphenol oxidase was 29.8% and 22.1% higher. This study describes a new regeneration system for the production of phenotypic variants of this ornamental passion fruit species, opening new perspectives for future studies on genetic passion fruit breeding. |
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