芦苇胚性愈伤组织的形成及植株的再生

以芦苇种子为外植体,其愈伤组织的诱导率最高。叶鞘和叶片不发生脱分化。培养基中最合适的蔗糖浓度为4%。维生素 B 类、肌醇对愈伤组织的生长起促进作用。而酵母提取物对愈伤组织的诱导和生长具有明显的抑制作用。这种抑制效应,将随酵母提取物浓度的提高而增大。愈伤组织的继代培养,随培养基中2,4-D 浓度的提高,其平均鲜重明显降低。脱分化培养基中2,4-D 浓度对胚性愈伤组织的诱导形成具有一定的相关性。胚性愈伤组织经30代继代培养依然具有90%的分化频率,只是每块愈伤组织的分化苗数减少。反之,非胚性愈伤组织则完全丧失形态发生的能力。对两类愈伤组织进行扫描电镜的观察,发现其表面结构有很大差异。其过氧化物酶、酯酶同工酶谱以及可溶性蛋白的含量均有明显的差别。

EMBRYOGENIC CALLUS FORMATION AND PLANTLET REGENERATION OF PHRAGMITES COMMUNIS

The present paper reports the embryogenic callus formation and plantlet regeneration of Phragmites communis.The results have been obtained as follows: The efficiency of callus induction was much higher,if reed seeds were used as explants- No dedifferentiation was observed by using leaf sheath and leaf blade as explants.The optim- um concentration of sucrose was 4% in medium.VB group and inositol had beneficial effects on callus growth.But yeast extract inhibited callus induction and callus growth markedly.For this inhibited reaction,the higher concentration,the more obviously the callus growth was in- hibited.Higher levels of 2,4-D had unfavourable effects on callus growth in callus subculture. The concentration of 2,4-D in dedifferentiation medium had relation to embryogenic callus for- mation.Embryogenic callus had higher frequency of differentiation for long-term subculture. On the other hand,non-embryogenic callus most often lost their morphogenetic competence. Authors found that the surface structure of the two types of calluses was,different by means of observation by scanning electron microscope.The peroxidase and the esterase isoenzyme pat- terns,as well as the soluble protein of both types of calluses were different too.