Cadmium exposure modifies lactotrophs activity associated to genomic and morphological changes in rat pituitary anterior lobe |
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Authors: | Ana María Calderoni Verónica Biaggio Mariano Acosta Liliana Oliveros Fabian Mohamed María Sofía Giménez |
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Institution: | 1.Laboratorio de Química Biológica, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia,Universidad Nacional de San Luis, IMIBIO-SL (CONICET),San Luis,Argentina;2.Laboratorio de Histología, Departamento de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia,Universidad Nacional de San Luis, IMIBIO-SL (CONICET),San Luis,Argentina |
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Abstract: | Cadmium (Cd) is widely used in industrial applications and is an important contaminant of agricultural products. As an endocrine
disruptor, Cd modifies the hormone release of pituitary anterior lobe (PAL). This work was undertaken to evaluate a possible
association between phospholipase D (PLD) and prolactin mRNA expressions and the activity of lactotrophs and folliculostellate
cells (FSC) in PAL of Cd exposed adult male Wistar rats (Cd, 0.133 mM per liter for 2 months). The PALs were submitted to
immunohistochemical and morphometric analysis to determine the percentage of lactotrophs (PRL-ir) and FSC (S-100-ir). Cultured
PAL cells were stained with Hoechst 33258 to determine the presence of alterations in nuclear morphology consistent with apoptosis.
The expressions of PLD and prolactin mRNA were assessed by RT-PCR. Cd treated rats showed a decrease of PLD mRNA levels that
can be associated to both high number of apoptotic cells and increase of S-100 protein expression in FSC. Cd decreased prolactin
mRNA expression, number of lactotrophs and percentage of PRL-ir suggesting a low availability of prolactin to be secreted
from PAL. Cd modifies the lactotrophs activity of pituitary gland through biochemical, genomic and morphological changes and
contributes directly or indirectly to the levels of serum prolactin. |
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