Effect of drying temperature on carrageenan yield and quality of Kappaphycus alvarezii (Rhodophyta,Solieriaceae) cultivated in Brazil |
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Authors: | Gabriel Soares Mattar de Faria Leila Hayashi Alcilene Rodrigues Monteiro |
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Institution: | 1. Laboratório de Propriedades Físicas de Alimentos, Departamento de Engenharia Química e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Caixa Postal 476, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil 2. Departamento de Aquicultura, UFSC, Itacorubi, 88034-001, Florianópolis, Brazil
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Abstract: | This study evaluates the effect of different drying temperatures on the properties of semi-refined (SR) and refined (R) carrageenan extracted from Kappaphycus alvarezii cultivated in Brazil. Drying kinetics was studied in seaweeds under the following treatments: sun drying (control) and drying at 40, 60, and 90 °C in convective air dryer. Drying was carried out until the moisture content of seaweeds reached values below of 30 % on wet basis. Significant reductions in drying time were observed with the increase of temperature. At 90 °C, 30 % moisture content was reached in 100 min, as compared with the 1,440 min required by the sun-drying treatment. SR yields showed no significant differences when compared to the control, varying from 40 to 44 %, while R had a significantly higher yield (30 %) at 90 °C in relation to control (26 %). Gel strength of SR was significantly higher in the sun-dried samples (1,685.1 g cm?2) and 60 °C samples (1,727.2 g cm?2), but no significant differences were observed in R gel strengths. Lowest syneresis was observed in both SR (9.8 %) and R (10.3 %) after the treatment at 90 °C. Significantly lower viscosity values were observed for SR at 60 °C (233 mPa s) and at 90 °C (175 mPa s), as for R, the lowest value was observed at 90 °C (205 mPa s). Based on these results, it was concluded that best results for both types of carrageenan are obtained drying at 60 °C. |
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