A micro-enzymatic method to measure cholesterol and triglyceride in lipoprotein subfractions separated by density gradient ultracentrifugation from 200 microliters of plasma or serum

A micro-enzymatic method was developed to measure total cholesterol (CHOL) and triglyceride (TG) in lipoproteins and their subfractions separated by density gradient ultracentrifugation. This method had a detection limit and sensitivity below 2 mg/dl and accuracy (bias to reference sera) and imprecision (coefficient of variation) of less than 3% between 2 and 30 mg/dl for both CHOL and TG. In addition, the method was in good agreement with standardized Abell-Kendall CHOL (r = 0.98) and enzymatic TG (r = 0.99) methods. Lipoproteins from 200 microliters of plasma or serum were separated by either equilibrium (EQ)- or rate zonal (RZ)-density gradient ultracentrifugation and the resulting fractions were analyzed for CHOL and TG by the micro-enzymatic method. Lipoprotein measurements by these micro-enzymatic/density gradient methods were highly correlated with standardized Lipid Research Clinic (LRC) procedures and preparative ultracentrifugation. The EQ-density gradient procedure also allowed determination of CHOL and TG in LDL and HDL subfractions within any desired density interval. These methods will facilitate the measurements and study of lipoproteins and their subfractions especially in infants, children, the elderly, and small animals. In addition, the micro-enzymatic method may be adapted to other modes of lipoprotein separation such as liquid chromatography, electrophoresis, and precipitation. CHOL or TG determinations could be made on approximately 500 density gradient fractions per hour.