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Reductive dechlorination of tetrachloroethene by a stepwise catalysis of different organohalide respiring bacteria and reductive dehalogenases
Authors:Julien Maillard  Marie-Paule Charnay  Christophe Regeard  Emmanuelle Rohrbach-Brandt  Katia Rouzeau-Szynalski  Pierre Rossi  Christof Holliger
Affiliation:1.Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), ENAC IIE—Laboratory for Environmental Biotechnology,Lausanne,Switzerland;2.Université de Lausanne, Ecole de Biologie, Quartier UNIL-Sorge, Batiment Biophore,Lausanne,Switzerland;3.CNRS UMR 8621, Institut de Génétique et Microbiologie, Bat. 409, Université Paris Sud,Orsay,France;4.Product Technology Center-Nestlé,Konolfingen,Switzerland;5.EPFL ENAC IIE CEL,Lausanne,Switzerland
Abstract:The enrichment culture SL2 dechlorinating tetrachloroethene (PCE) to ethene with strong trichloroethene (TCE) accumulation prior to cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cis-DCE) formation was analyzed for the presence of organohalide respiring bacteria and reductive dehalogenase genes (rdhA). Sulfurospirillum-affiliated bacteria were identified to be involved in PCE dechlorination to cis-DCE whereas “Dehalococcoides”-affiliated bacteria mainly dechlorinated cis-DCE to ethene. Two rdhA genes highly similar to tetrachloroethene reductive dehalogenase genes (pceA) of S. multivorans and S. halorespirans were present as well as an rdhA gene very similar to the trichloroethene reductive dehalogenase gene (tceA) of “Dehalococcoides ethenogenes” strain 195. A single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) method was developed allowing the simultaneous detection of the three rdhA genes and the estimation of their abundance. SSCP analysis of different SL2 cultures showed that one pceA gene was expressed during PCE dechlorination whereas the second was expressed during TCE dechlorination. The tceA gene was involved in cis-DCE dechlorination to ethene. Analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region between the 16S and 23S rRNA genes revealed two distinct sequences originating from Sulfurospirillum suggesting that two Sulfurospirillum populations were present in SL2. Whether each Sulfurospirillum population was catalyzing a different dechlorination step could however not be elucidated.
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