中国棉花害虫综合防治的新进展

<正> 一、历史回顾 建国以来防治棉花害虫早已采用多种手段互为补充的综合防治。随着防治技术的发展,防治手段的重点亦随之而异。50年代后期到60年代农药的迅速发展,高效广谱农药相继出现,几乎所有主要害虫均可以用农药防治,农药遂成为防治棉虫的主要手段。由于过多地依赖农药致使一些害虫产生了抗药性。首先是棉蚜与叶螨对内吸磷和乐果的抗性,继之棉叶蝉、棉铃虫、红铃虫对滴滴涕也产生了抗性,使这些原来是高效的农药相继退出了应用市场。同时农药造成的严重环

RECENT DEVELOPMENT OF IPM OF COTTON INSECTS IN CHINA

The recent development of IPM of cotton insects in China is ma-rked by setting up IPM systems on the basis of crop growth through the season inrelation to effective suppression of the major pests complex in terms of economi-cal, environmental and social achievements. Each system is constructed by combi-ning the growth model of cotton and its compensative capacity after pest damagein different growth stages with the effects of using new control tactics such asinter-cropping with wheat or rape, protection of beneficial insects, planting beltsof pest trapping crops including sorghum and maize, using better insecticides suchas pyrethroids instead of organic chlorine compounds, monocrotophose and ometho-ate instead of parathion, and developing the use of new selective pesticides suchas IKI-7899 and methomyl as well as pest sexual pheromones and plant grwothregulators. A preliminary computer expert system based on the data from RoayangCounty in Hebei Province has been established. The prospect of the IPM systemsof cotton insects is discussed.