关于四个酵母菌种对乙醇耐受性的研究

本文报道了从存活，生长，发酵能力和氢离子渗漏等角度研究和比较四种酵母菌(Zygosaccharomyces bailii NCYC 1427，Saccharomyces cerevisiae NCYC 431，Harisenula anomala NCYC 711和 Kloeckera apiculata NCYC 468)对乙醇的耐受性。乙醇对酵母在上述特性的抑制程度，取决于乙醇的浓度。Z．Bailii NCYC 1427是四个酵母中乙醇耐受性最强的。在2M的乙醇溶液中，其存活率与无乙醇的对照组一样高。在低于1.5M的乙醇中，其生长率高于 S．Cerevisiae NCYC 431，氢离子渗入细胞的速率增长则低于 S．Cerevisiae 和 H．Anomala。S．Cerevisiae NCYC 431对于乙醇抑制生长的效应耐受性很强，在低于IM的乙醇溶液中，其发酵能力下降得较为缓慢，存活率几乎没有变化。H．Anomala NCYC 711在生长、发酵能力和氢离子渗漏方面对乙醇的抑制作用均表现敏感，但其存活率变化却与S．Cerevisiae NCYC 431很相似。K．Apiculata NCYC 468在存活、生长和发酵能力方面对乙醇的效应是四个菌种中最敏感的。研究结果还表明，乙醇对生长、发酵能力和氢离子渗漏的作用比它对存活的影响大得多。环境条件也影响酵母对乙醇的耐受性。

STUDIES ON ETHANOL TOLERANCE IN FOUR YEASTS

Four yeasts,Zygosaccharomyces bailii NCYC 1427,Saccharomyces cerevisiae NCYC 431,Hansenula anomala NCYC 711 and Kloeckera apiculata NCYC 468,were studied for their tolerance of ethanol with respect to viability,growth,fermentative ablilty and proton flux.The extent of ethanol inhibition of the above properties depended on the ethanol concentration.Z.bailii NCYC 1427 was the most tolerant organism,S.cerevisiae NCYC 431 was very tolerant to the inhibitory effect of ethanol on growth and viability.H. anomala NCYC 711 was sensitive to the effect of ethanol on growth,fermentative ability and proton flux.K.apiculata NCYC 468 was the most sensitive one to the effect of ethanol on viability,growth and fermentative ability.The results of this study indicated that ethanol inhibits growth,fermentative ability and proton flux more strongly than it inhibits viability,and environmental condition affected ethanol tolerance of organisms.