Frontiers in mammalian cells culture |
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Authors: | Wallace L Mc Keehan David Barnes Lola Reid Eric Stanbridge Hiroki Murakami Gordon H Sato |
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Institution: | (1) W. Alton Jones Cell Science Center, Inc., 10 Old Barn Road, 12946 Lake Placid, New York;(2) Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, 97331 Corvallis, Oregon;(3) Departments of Molecular Pharmacology, Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 10461 Bronx, New York;(4) Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, 92727 Irvine, California;(5) Graduate School of Genetic Resources Technology, Kyushu University, 812 Fukuoka, Japan |
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Abstract: | Summary For the past 60 years, fundamental discoveries in eukaryotic biology using mammalian cell cultures have been significant but
modest relative to the enormous potential. Combined with advances in technologies of cell and molecular biology, mammalian
cell culture technology is becoming a major, if not essential tool, for fundamental discovery in eukaryotic biology. Reconstruction
of the milieu for cells has progressed from simple salt solutions supporting brief survival of tissues outside the body to
synthesis of the complete set of structurally defined nutrients, hormones and elements of the extracellular matrix needed
to reconstruct complex tissues from cells. The isolation of specific cell types in completely defined environments reveals
the true complexity of the mammalian cell and its environment as a dynamic interactive physiological unit. Cell cultures provide
the tool for detection and dissection of the mechanism of action of cellular regulators and the genes that determine individual
aspects of cell behavior. The technology underpins advances in virology, somatic cell genetics, endocrinology, carcinogenesis,
toxicology, pharmacology, hematopoiesis and immunology, and is becoming a major tool in develomental biology, complex tissue
physiology and production of unique mammalian cell-derived biologicals in industry.
This article is the first of a series of invited reviews aimed at identifying fundamental contributions and current challenges
associated with research activities in subdiscriplines of cell and developmental biology in vitro. This treatise is dedicated
to Dr. Brian Kimes, Program Director at the National Cancer Institute, whose vision, encouragement and support have contributed
significantly to modern developments in mammalian cell culture. |
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Keywords: | biotechnology cell biology cell cloning cell nutrition defined cell culture differentiation extracellular matrix molecular biology oncogene retrovirology somatic cell genetics virology |
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