Efficient degradation of rice straw in the reactors packed by carbon fiber textiles |
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Authors: | Kengo Sasaki Masahiko Morita Shin-ichi Hirano Daisuke Sasaki Naoya Ohmura Yasuo Igarashi |
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Institution: | (1) Biotechnology Sector, Environmental Science Research Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, 1646 Abiko, Abiko-shi, Chiba-ken 270-1194, Japan;(2) Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi 1-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; |
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Abstract: | We have reported for the first time that agricultural and cellulosic waste, i.e., rice straw was directly applied to methanogenic
bioreactors containing carbon fiber textiles (CFT) as supporting material. Addition of CFT to the methanogenic bioreactors
enhanced the conversion of dichromate chemical oxygen demand of the substrate to methane (41%) to a greater extent than bioreactors
without CFT (9%). In addition, removal of rice straw as a suspended solid was increased from 31% (in bioreactors without CFT)
to 57% (in those with CFT). Methanogenic 16S rRNA gene analysis showed that the abundance of acetoclastic methanogen, genus
Methanosarcina, was about 11 times higher in bioreactors with CFT (suspended fraction plus retained fraction to CFT) than in bioreactors
without CFT (suspended fraction), resulting in lower concentration of acetate in bioreactors with CFT (0.4 mM) than in those
without CFT (29.7 mM). On the other hand, the abundance of hydrogenotrophic methanogen, genus Methanobacterium, in bioreactors with CFT was similar to those without CFT. Bacterial communities in bioreactors with CFT were different from
those in bioreactors without CFT. Our results indicated that specific microbial community and cooperative relationships between
microorganisms in reactors containing CFT facilitated efficient decomposition of rice straw and its conversion to methane. |
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