Ecological Characterisation of the Colonic Microbiota in Arctic and Sub-Arctic Seals |
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Authors: | Trine Glad Vibeke Fam Kristiansen Kaare M Nielsen Lorenzo Brusetti André-Denis G Wright Monica A Sundset |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Pharmacy, University of Troms?, 9037, Troms?, Norway 2. Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, University of Troms?, 9037, Troms?, Norway 3. Gen?k-Center for Biosafety, Research Park, 9294, Troms?, Norway 4. Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen/Bolzano, 39100, Bolzano, Italy 5. Department of Animal Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
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Abstract: | Dominant colonic bacteria in wild hooded (n = 9), harbour (n = 1) and grey (n = 1) seals were identified using 16S rRNA gene clone libraries (313 clones), revealing 52.7% Bacteroidetes, 41.5% Firmicutes, 4.5% Proteobacteria and 1.0% Fusobacteria. Thirty (77%) of the 39 phylotypes identified were novel, showing <97% sequence similarity to their nearest cultivated relatives.
Mean colonic bacterial cell density, determined by real-time PCR, was high (12.8 log10 cells/g wet wt) for the hooded seals, while the number of methanogenic Archea was low (4.0 log10 cells/g wet wt). The level of ampicillin (ampr) and tetracycline-resistant (tetr) isolates was investigated by cultivation. Aerobic ampr isolates were only detected in colon contents from four hooded seals, whereas aerobic tetr isolates were found in seven of the nine hooded seals. These data provide novel insight to the gut microbiota of Arctic and
sub-Arctic seals living in the wild. |
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