湖泊最低生态水位计算方法

研究湖泊最低生态水位的计算方法 ,对解决我国湖泊生态退化问题具有重要现实意义。针对我国湖泊生态资料缺乏的情况 ,提出 3种确定湖泊最低生态水位的方法。认为湖泊天然生态系统已经适应了天然多年最低水位 ,据此提出利用湖泊多年天然水位资料确定湖泊最低生态水位的方法——天然水位资料法 .认为要使湖泊生态系统不出现严重退化 ,必须使湖泊水文和地形子系统不严重退化 ,据此提出湖泊形态分析法 .从生物对生存空间的最小需求角度 ,以鱼类为指示生物 ,提出生物最小空间需求法。采用上述 3种方法计算了南四湖最低生态水位。计算结果表明 ,南四湖上级湖最低生态水位的范围为 32 .75～ 33.2 5 m,平均值为 33m;下级湖最低生态水位范围 31.2 5～ 31.75 m,平均值为 31.38m。上下两湖最小生态水位相应湖面面积之和为 5 93～86 0 km2 ,平均水位相应面积之和 70 8km2 ,占 195 3～ 1979年多年平均湖面面积 12 2 5 km2 的 5 8%。从保护南四湖自然保护区的角度看 ,确定的最低生态水位合理

Researches on the calculation methods of the lowest ecological water level of lake

A study on the calculation methods of the lake lowest ecological water level is significant in solving the ecological degeneration of lake in China. Due to the basic ecological data shortage, three kinds of lake lowest ecological water level calculation methods are proposed. The first one is the natural water level data method which utilize the long-term natural water level data of lake to confirm the lake lowest ecological water level, thinking that the natural ecosystem of lake has already adapted to t...