西藏和周边地区芥菜型油菜农艺性状比较研究

利用113份芥菜型油菜，运用典范相关分析方法，对西藏及周边地区芥菜型油菜的产量性状、主茎性状、分枝性状、角果性状等4组性状间的典范相关关系进行了比较研究。结果表明：(1)所研究的18个性状中，西藏芥菜型油菜的均值为周边地区芥菜型油菜的1.88倍，总体变异系数比周边省份芥菜型油菜高10.22%；(2)西藏芥菜型油菜单株产量主要取决于每株角果数和千粒重，而周边省份芥菜型油菜单株产量主要取决于每株有效角果数，中国周边国家芥菜型油菜单株产量主要取决于每株有效角果数、千粒重；(3)影响西藏芥菜型油菜产量性状最重要的因素是角果性状，其次是分枝性状和主茎性状，而影响周边省份和中国周边国家芥菜型油菜产量性状最重要的因素则是主茎性状，其次是分枝性状和角果性状；(4)西藏芥菜型油菜4组性状间极显著或显著相关的典型变量累计有9对性状，周边省份芥菜型油菜有8对性状，中国周边国家芥菜型油菜有5对性状，西藏与周边省份和中国周边国家芥菜型油菜生态性状间既有密切联系，亦略不同。

A comparative study on agronomical traits of Brassica juncea

We used canonical correlation analysis in this study for four agronomical traits including yield traits, the main stem traits, branching characteristics and pod traits of Brassica juncea species from 113 germplasms. The results showed that 1) Among the 18 traits investigated in the present study, the average value for Tibetan B. juncea species is 1.88 folds of that from the species in the adjacent provinces, and the population coefficient of variation is 10.22% and higher than that of the adjacent regions; 2) In the Tibetan B. juncea species, yield per plant is prominently dependent on pods per plant and 1000-grain weight. However, yield per plant of B. juncea in the neighboring provinces is mainly determined by efficient pods per plant. In the neighboring countries, the dominant factors are efficient pods per plant and 1000-grain weight. 3) The yield traits in Tibetan B. juncea are mainly attributed to pod traits, followed by branching characteristics and main stem traits. In terms of the species from adjacent regions, the most important yield-determining factor is main stem traits, followed by the branching characteristics and pod traits. 4) Among the 4 sets of traits analyzed, there are 9, 8 and 5 pairs with significant or extremely significant correlation in the species from Tibet, the adjacent provinces, and the neighboring countries respectively. The Tibetan B. juncea species exhibited close relevance as well as gradient differences in the agronomical traits with that of the species from the adjacent provinces and countries.