Reporter proteins for in vivo fluorescence without oxygen |
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Authors: | Drepper Thomas Eggert Thorsten Circolone Franco Heck Achim Krauss Ulrich Guterl Jan-Karl Wendorff Marion Losi Aba Gärtner Wolfgang Jaeger Karl-Erich |
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Institution: | Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Research Center Juelich, Stetternicher Forst, D-52426 Juelich, Germany. |
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Abstract: | Fluorescent reporter proteins such as green fluorescent protein are valuable noninvasive molecular tools for in vivo real-time imaging of living specimens. However, their use is generally restricted to aerobic systems, as the formation of their chromophores strictly requires oxygen. Starting with blue-light photoreceptors from Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas putida that contain light-oxygen-voltage-sensing domains, we engineered flavin mononucleotide-based fluorescent proteins that can be used as fluorescent reporters in both aerobic and anaerobic biological systems. |
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