Adhesion, orientation, and movement of cells cultured on ultrathin fibronectin fibers |
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Authors: | B Wojciak-Stothard M Denyer M Mishra R A Brown |
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Institution: | (1) Laboratory of Cell Biology, Division of Infection and Immunity, University of Glasgow, G128QQ Glasgow, Scotland, UK;(2) Department of Plastic Surgery, Tissue Repair Unit, The Rayne Institute, University College London, WCIE6JJ London, UK |
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Abstract: | Summary This study examined the behavior of rat tendon fibroblasts, baby hamster kidney fibroblasts, macrophage-like P388D1 cells,
and neurons from rat dorsal root ganglia, cultured on fibronectin strands 0.2–5 μm in diameter. We investigated cell spreading,
orientation, formation of focal contacts, the speed of cell movement, and the speed of neurite outgrowth in cells cultured
on fibronectin strands, glass covered with fibronectin, and plain, nontreated glass. Fibronectin strands significantly promoted
cell spreading and caused a marked alignment of all kinds of cells to the direction of the fiber. The fibers caused the alignment
of actin filaments in fibroblasts and focal contacts in fibroblasts and macrophages and increased polymerization of F-actin
in cells. Fibronectin fibers also increased the speed and persistence of cell movement and the rate of neurite outgrowth.
Macrophages grown on fibronectin fibers produced numerous actin-rich microspikes and adopted a polarized, migratory phenotype.
These findings indicate that fibronectin strands, resembling natural components of the extracellular matrix, are more effective
in activating various types of cells than two-dimensional, fibronectin-covered substrata. The results also confirm the suitability
of the three-dimensionally oriented fibronectin form for use in clinical practice. |
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Keywords: | fibronectin fibers dorsal root ganglia macrophages fibroblasts guidance movement cytoskeleton |
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