Effects of pH on NaCl tolerance of American elm (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Ulmus americana</Emphasis>) seedlings inoculated with <Emphasis Type="Italic">Hebeloma crustuliniforme</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Laccaria bicolor</Emphasis> |
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Authors: | Mónica Calvo-Polanco Melanie D Jones Janusz J Zwiazek |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, 442 Earth Sciences Bldg., Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada;(2) Biology Program, Biology and Physical Geography Unit, UBC Okanagan, 3333 University Way, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada |
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Abstract: | In the present study, we investigated the effects of pH treatments on NaCl tolerance in mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal American
elm. American elm (Ulmus americana) seedlings were inoculated with Hebeloma crustuliniforme, Laccaria bicolor or with both mycorrhizal fungi and subsequently subjected to different pH solutions (pH 3, 6 and 9) containing 0 mM (control)
and 60 mM NaCl for 4 weeks. Inoculation with the mycorrhizal fungi did not have a large effect on seedling dry weights when
the pH and NaCl treatments were considered independently. However, when the inoculated seedlings were treated with 60 mM NaCl
at pH 3 or 6, shoot to root ratios and root hydraulic conductivity were higher compared with non-inoculated plants, likely
reflecting changes in seedling water flow properties. At pH 6, transpiration rates were about twofold lower in non-inoculated
plants treated with NaCl compared with non-treated controls. For NaCl-treated H. crustuliniforme- and L. bicolor-inoculated plants, the greatest reduction of transpiration rates was at pH 9. Treatment with 60 mM NaCl reduced leaf chlorophyll
concentrations more in non-inoculated compared with inoculated plants, with the greatest, twofold, decrease occurring at pH
6. At pH 3, root Na concentrations were higher in inoculated than non-inoculated seedlings; however, there was no effect of
inoculation on root Na concentrations at pH 6 and 9. Contrary to the roots, the leaves of inoculated plants had lower Na concentrations
at pH 6 and 9, but not at pH 3. The results point to an interaction between ECM fungi and root zone pH for salt tolerance
of American elm. |
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Keywords: | Ectomycorrhizae pH Sodium uptake Water relations |
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