Transcytosis of Streptococcus iniae through skin epithelial barriers: an in vitro study |
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| Authors: | Eyngor Marina Chilmonczyk Stefan Zlotkin Amir Manuali Elisabetta Lahav Dan Ghittino Claudio Shapira Roni Hurvitz Avshalom Eldar Avi |
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| Affiliation: | Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Quality Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel;;Unitéde Virologie et Immunologie Moleculaires, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Jouy en Josas, France;;Unit of Infectious Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel;;Department of Electron Microscopy, IZS –State Veterinary Institute, Perugia, Italy;;Department of Pathology, The Kimron Veterinary Institute, Bet Dagan, Israel;;Department of Fish Pathology, IZS –State Veterinary Institute, Perugia, Italy;;Dan Fish Farms, Kibbutz Dan, Upper Galilee, Israel;;and Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, The Kimron Veterinary Institute, Bet Dagan, Israel |
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| Abstract: | By constructing a biological model based on in vitro culture of polarized rainbow trout primary skin epithelial cell monolayers, the series of early events that precede Streptococcus iniae infection, particularly colonization and translocation through external barriers, were analyzed. Streptococcus iniae promptly invades skin epithelial cells, but the rapid decline of viable intracellular bacteria points out the limited capability of intracellular survival for this bacterium. Translocation assays, supported by electron microscopy microphotographs, demonstrate that following successful in vitro invasion of skin epithelial cell, the bacterium exists free in the cytoplasm after release from the endosome, and translocates through the skin barrier. Bacterial invasion and transcytosis is not accompanied by apparent cell-line damages or disruption of host cells' tight junctions. It is hypothesized that the phenomenon of epithelial invasion coupled to the rapid translocation through the barrier plays a crucial role in Streptococcus iniae infection. |
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| Keywords: | Streptococcus iniae skin adhesion invasion translocation |
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