The effect of dietary protein level and ration level on excretion of ammonia in common carp,Cyprinus carpio |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Archaeology, University of Oulu, PO Box 1000, 90014 Oulu, Finland;2. Department of Ecology, University of Oulu, PO Box 3000, 90014 Oulu, Finland;3. Department of Biology, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 111, 80101 Joensuu, Finland;4. Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, PO BOX 35, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland;5. GeroCenter Foundation for Aging Research and Development, Rautpohjankatu 8, 40700 Jyväskylä, Finland;6. Jyväskylä Central Hospital, Keskussairaalantie 19, 40620 Jyväskylä, Finland;7. Department of Mechanical Engineering and Industrial Systems, Tampere University of Technology, PO Box 589, 33101 Tampere, Finland;8. De la Préhistoire à l’Actuel—Culture, Environnement, et Anthropologie (PACEA), UMR5199 PACEA, Bâtiment B8, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, CS 50023, Pessac Cedex 33615, France;9. The UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Kaupinpuistonkatu 1, PO Box 30, 33501 Tampere, Finland;1. Marine Research Institute, Klaipeda University, 92294 Klaipeda, Lithuania;2. Department of Chemistry, Life Science and Environmental Sustainability, Parma University, 43124 Parma, Italy;1. Physics Department, Sciences Faculty for Girls, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia;2. Department of Physics, Arab-American University, Jenin, West Bank, Palestine;3. Group of Physics, Faculty of Engineering, Atilim University, 06836 Ankara, Turkey |
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| Abstract: | - 1.1. Nitrogenous excretion in the form of ammonia was determined in common carp of 65.0 ± 8.0 g body weight in metabolism chambers. The fish were fed with 20, 35 and 50% dietary protein at 1, 2 and 3% body weight per day ration level.
- 2.2. Nitrogenous excretion as a percentage of ingested food increased with an increase of dietary protein but decreased with an increase of ration level.
- 3.3. The energy lost in excretion ranged from 4.19% with 20% dietary protein at 3% ration level to 8.74% with 50% dietary at 1% ration level.
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