Characterization of the Melanoplus sanguinipes hemolymph after infection with Beauveria bassiana or wounding |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Biological Chemistry and Nutritional Science (140a), University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 30, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany;2. College of Industrial Technology, Aklan State University, Roxas Avenue Ext., Kalibo, 5600 Aklan, Philippines;1. United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan;2. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, and Biopharmaca Research Center, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia;3. Faculty of pharmacy, University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 447, Omdurman, Sudan;1. Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150500, China;2. Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China;3. Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China |
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| Abstract: | - 1.1. The phenoloxidase activity, protein and carbohydrate levels were studied for 24 hr in the hemolymph of the migratory grasshopper, Melanoplus sanguinipes after artificial wounding of the insect cuticle or the injection of Beauveria bassiana conidia.
- 2.2. Injection or wounding induced a primary response and phenoloxidase activity was found to increase within 10–60 min. The values for phenoloxidase activity in viable B. bassiana-injected insects exhibited a secondary response, i.e., an increase 24 hr after injection.
- 3.3. In wounded insects and those injected with inactivated conidia, the phenoloxidase activity receded after the initial increase and remained at low levels.
- 4.4. Protein concentrations in the hemolymph increased immediately after infection and wounding and returned to basal levels during the course of the experiment.
- 5.5. Injection of viable B. bassiana resulted in a gradual increase in the protein concentrations between 12 and 24 hr.
- 6.6. There was no apparent change in the carbohydrate levels in either B. bassiana-infected or wounded insects.
- 7.7. These results are discussed in relation to their possible role(s) and interrelationships in the immune response to infection or wounding. Furthermore, we suggest that a “factor” is released after mechanical injury of the integument.
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