Bioassay-directed fractionation of mutagenic PAH atmospheric photooxidation products and ambient particulate extracts |
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| Institution: | 1. Statewide Air Pollution Researh Center, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521 U.S.A.;2. Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521 U.S.A.;1. Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV), EA 4492, Maison de la Recherche en Environnement Industriel, Université du Littoral Côte d’Opale, 145 Avenue Maurice Schumann, 59140 Dunkerque, France;2. Bioactive Molecules Research Group, Doctoral School of Sciences and Technologies, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon;3. Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences-2, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon;4. Centre Commun de Mesures, Maison de la Recherche en Environnement Industriel 1, Université du Littoral Côte d’Opale, 145 Avenue Maurice Schumann, 59140 Dunkerque, France;5. Micropolluants Technologie, 4 Rue de Bort Les Orgues, 57070 Saint Julien Les Metz, France;6. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences-2, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon;1. Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan;2. LAPC, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, China Academy of Science, Beijing 100029, China;1. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada;2. Qualcomm Atheros, San Jose, USA;3. University of California, Davis, USA;4. IMS Laboratory, Bordeaux, France |
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| Abstract: | Simulated atmospheric gas-phase reactions of naphthalene, fluorene and phenanthrene have been carried out in an environmental chamber with bioassay-directed chemical analysis of the reaction products. Nitro-PAH were found to be the most significant mutagens formed from the reactions of naphthalene and fluorene. The mutagram (bar graph of mutagenic activity versus HPLC fraction) of the phenanthrene reaction products closely resembled that of an ambient air particulate extract with the most mutagenic activity being in a fraction more polar than that in which the nitro-PAH elute. Nitrophenanthrene lactones (nitro-6H-dibenzob,d]pyran-6-ones) were found to account for the observed activity of this polar fraction of the phenanthrene reaction products. It has been shown that the utilization of an environmental chamber with a known PAH-starting material and the ability to produce sufficient product for isomer-specific identifications of mutagens is a promising complement to bioassaydirected fractionation of ambient air particulate extracts. |
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