Continuous ATP production by spinach thylakoid in a stirred tank reactor |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, PAS, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Krakow, Poland;2. Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Chemistry, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland;1. Center for Advanced Sensor Technology, Department of Chemical, Biochemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA;2. Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University (TWIns), 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan;3. Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, 5-3-1 Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan;4. STAR Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Prasanthi Nilayam, Puttaparthi, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh 515134, India |
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| Abstract: | Spinach thylakoid was immobilized by two different methods for the purpose of retention within a continuous-flow stirred tank reactor (CSTR). The glutaraldehyde crosslinked albumin polymer method completely inactivated the cyclic ATP photophosphorylation of thylakoid. In contrast, agarose-entrapped thylakoid retained about 17% of the activity of the cyclic photophosphorylation of non-immobilized thylakoid. This activity declined continuously during ATP production in the CSTR. Fifty percent of the initial activity was lost within about 5.5 h. Ascorbate was found to increase the stability of ATP photophosphorylation; about twice as much ATP was produced at the optimal ascorbate concentration of 5 mM. Under the optimal dilution rate of 2.36 h−1, about 60 μmol of ATP per mg chlorophyll were produced in 20 h by agarose-entrapped thylakoid in the CSTR. These results showed that, compared to non-immobilized thylakoid in batch operation, agarose-entrapped thylakoid produced only a low amount of ATP under continuous operation. |
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