Rainfall-driven sex-ratio genes in African buffalo suggested by correlations between Y-chromosomal haplotype frequencies and foetal sex ratio |
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| Authors: | Pim van Hooft Herbert HT Prins Wayne M Getz Anna E Jolles Sipke E van Wieren Barend J Greyling Paul D van Helden Armanda DS Bastos |
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| Affiliation: | (1) Resource Ecology Group, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 3a, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands;(2) Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of Pretoria, 0002, Pretoria, South Africa;(3) Department of Environmental Science Policy & Management, University of California at Berkeley, 140 Mulford Hall, CA 94720-3112, USA;(4) Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;(5) Agricultural Research Council, Irene, 0062, South Africa;(6) DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, US/MRC Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, 7505 Tygerberg, South Africa |
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| Abstract: | Background The Y-chromosomal diversity in the African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) population of Kruger National Park (KNP) is characterized by rainfall-driven haplotype frequency shifts between year cohorts. Stable Y-chromosomal polymorphism is difficult to reconcile with haplotype frequency variations without assuming frequency-dependent selection or specific interactions in the population dynamics of X- and Y-chromosomal genes, since otherwise the fittest haplotype would inevitably sweep to fixation. Stable Y-chromosomal polymorphism due one of these factors only seems possible when there are Y-chromosomal distorters of an equal sex ratio, which act by negatively affecting X-gametes, or Y-chromosomal suppressors of a female-biased sex ratio. These sex-ratio (SR) genes modify (suppress) gamete transmission in their own favour at a fitness cost, allowing for stable polymorphism. |
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