Toll-like receptors and innate immunity |
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| Authors: | Himanshu Kumar |
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| Affiliation: | Laboratory of Host Defense, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
Department of Host Defense, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are evolutionarily conserved innate receptors expressed in various immune and non-immune cells of the mammalian host. TLRs play a crucial role in defending against pathogenic microbial infection through the induction of inflammatory cytokines and type I interferons. Furthermore, TLRs also play roles in shaping pathogen-specific humoral and cellular adaptive immune responses. In this review, we describe the recent advances in pathogen recognition by TLRs and TLR signaling. |
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| Keywords: | Innate immunity Pattern-recognition receptors Toll-like receptors Toll-like receptor signaling |
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