Preventive Effects of Folic Acid Supplementation on Adverse Maternal and Fetal Outcomes |
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Authors: | Min Woo Kim Ki Hoon Ahn Ki-Jin Ryu Soon-Cheol Hong Ji Sung Lee Alejandro A Nava-Ocampo Min-Jeong Oh Hai-Joong Kim |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.; 2. Biostatistical Consulting Unit, Soonchunhyang University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.; 3. Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; 4. Pharmacological Research and Applied Solutions–PharmaReasons, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran (Republic of Islamic), |
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Abstract: | Although there is accumulating evidence regarding the additional protective effect of folic acid against adverse pregnancy outcomes other than neural tube defects, these effects have not been elucidated in detail. We evaluated whether folic acid supplementation is associated with favorable maternal and fetal outcomes. This was a secondary analysis of 215 pregnant women who were enrolled in our prior study. With additional data from telephone interviews regarding prenatal folic acid supplementation, existing demographic, maternal and fetal data were statistically analyzed. The concentration of folic acid in maternal blood was significantly higher following folic acid supplementation (24.6 ng/mL vs.11.8 ng/mL). In contrast, homocysteine level in maternal blood decreased with folic acid supplementation (5.5 µmol/mL vs. 6.8 µmol/mL). The rates of both preeclampsia (odds ratio OR], 0.27; 95% confidence interval CI], 0.09–0.76) and small for gestational age (SGA; 9.2% vs. 20.0%; OR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.18–0.99) were lower in the folic acid supplementation group than those in the control group. Other pregnancy outcomes had no association with folic acid supplementation. The findings indicate that folic acid supplementation may help to prevent preeclampsia and SGA. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the favorable effects of folic acid supplementation on pregnancy outcomes. |
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